Saturday, October 3, 2020

Rotate an array

Problem: Given an array, rotate the array to the right by k steps, where k is non-negative.

Example (taken from leetcode):

Input: nums = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7], k = 3
Output: [5,6,7,1,2,3,4]
Explanation:
rotate 1 steps to the right: [7,1,2,3,4,5,6]
rotate 2 steps to the right: [6,7,1,2,3,4,5]
rotate 3 steps to the right: [5,6,7,1,2,3,4]


Approach: It  can be achieved in three steps:

  • Reverse the whole array. 
  • Reverse 1st k elements.
  • Reverse the rest of n-k elements. That means reverse subarray arr[k...n-1]

Now k could be more than n so we can initialize k as k = k mod n.


Implementation in C#:

    public void Rotate(int[] nums, int k)
    {
        int length = nums?.Length ?? 0;
        if (length <= 1)
        {
            return;
        }
        k = k % length;
        this.Reverse(nums, 0, length - 1);
        this.Reverse(nums, 0, k - 1);
        this.Reverse(nums, k, length - 1);
    }

    private void Reverse(int[] nums, int start, int end)
    {
        while (start < end)
        {
            int temp = nums[start];
            nums[start] = nums[end];
            nums[end] = temp;
            ++start;
            --end;
        }
    }


Complexity: O(n)

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